• Aboumatar, H., Ristaino, P., Davis, R.O., Thompson, C.B., Maragakis, L., Cosgrove, S., Rosenstein, B., and Perl, T.M. (Feb 2012). Infection Prevention Promotion Program Based on the PRECEDE Model: Improving Hand Hygiene Behaviors among Healthcare Personnel. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol., 33(2):144-151. [Free Full Text]

• Adeyanju, O. M. (1987-88).  A community-based health education analysis of an infectious disease control program in Nigeria. International Quarterly of Community Health Education, 8(3): 263-279.

• Ahmed, N.U., Fort, J.G., Elzey, J.D., & Bailey, S. (Oct 2004). Empowering factors in repeat mammography: Insights from the stories of underserved women. J Ambul Care Manage, 27(4): 348-.    

• Airhihenbuwa, C.O. (Dept. Hlth. Educ., Coll. Hlth & Hum. Devel., Penn State U.) (1990-91). A conceptual model for culturally appropriate health education programs in developing countries. International Quarterly of Community Health Education, 11(1):53-62.

• Airhihenbuwa, C.O. (1995).  Health and Culture: Beyond the Western Paradigm. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. [Presents the PEN3 model, based in part on PRECEDE-PROCEED]

• Airhihenbuwa, C.O. (1995). Healthy Culture: Decolonization of Health and Education. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. [Presents the PEN3 model, based in part on on PRECEDE-PROCEED]

• Akpor, O. A.  and Eweiye, F. E.  (2016). Smoking Prevalence and Knowledge about Its Health Implications among Health Care Professional Students in Ekiti State, South-Western Nigeria. Journal of Scientific Research and Reports, 12(2): 1-10 [Free Full Text]

• Allegrante, J.P. (Cornell Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases Center, The Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 E. 70th St., New York, NY 10021), Kovar, P.T., MacKenzie, C.R., Peterson, M.G., & Gutin, B. (1993). A walking education program for patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: theory and intervention strategies. Health Education Quarterly 20(1):63-81. See Kovar et al., 1992, for results of the trial.

• Allen, K. D . (1992). Predisposing, enabling and reinforcing factors associated with women's reported Pap smear screening behavior. Unpublished master's thesis. University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

• Allison, K.R. (Public Health Dept., City of N. York, 5100 Yonge St., N. York, Ontario M2N 5V7, Canada) (1991). Theoretical issues concerning the relationship between perceived control and preventive health behavior. Health Education Research, 6(2):141-151.

• Alteneder, R.R. (PhD, Assoc.Prof., Nursing, Sch. of Nursing, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo,OH 43699), Price, J.H., Telljohann, S.K., Didion, J., Locher, A. (1992). Using the PRECEDE model to determine junior high school students' knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about AIDS. Jour. School Health 62(10): 464-470

• Alteneder, R.R. (PhD, Assoc. Prof., Nursing, School of Nursing, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, OH 43699) (1994). Use of an educational program on HIV/AIDS with junior high students. Int Conf AIDS, 10(2): 355 (abstract no. PD0601).

• American College of Preventive Medicine and Fogarty Center (1976). Preventive Medicine USA New York: Prodist, pp. 162-171.                                                                                                  

• Andersen, R. (1968). A Behavioral Model of Families' Use of Health Services (Chicago: University of Chicago, Center for Health Administration Studies, Research Series No. 25, University of Chicago Press). [The original work on which the delineation and documentation of predisposing and enabling factors in use of health services was based.]

• Anderson, R. M. (Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, UCLA, iaqxpld@mvs.oac.ucla.edu ). (March 1995). Revisiting the behavioral model and access to medical care: Does it matter?  Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 36(1): 1-10.

• Antoniadis, Anastasia (Early Intervention Technical Assistance, <stacya@mciunix.mciu.k12.pa.us>), & Lubker, B.B. (1997). Epidemiology as an essential tool for establishing prevention programs and evaluating their impact and outcome. Journal of Communication Disorders, 30 (4): 269-284.

• Arbeit, M.L., Johnson, C.C., Mott, D.S., Harsha, D.W., Nicklas, T.A., Webber, L.S., Berenson, G.S. (National Center for Cardiovascular Health, Tulane School of Public Health & Tropical Med., New Orleans, LA 70112-2824) (1992). The Heart Smart cardiovascular school health promotion: behavior correlates of risk factor change. Preventive Medicine, 21(1):18-32.

• Arnsberger, P., Fox, P., Ryder, P., Nussey, B., Zhang, X. and Otero-Sabogal, R. (January 2006). Timely follow-up among multicultural women with abnormal mammograms. Am J Health Behav, 30(1): 51-61. [Free Full Text]

• Artuso, S., Cargo, M., Brown, A., and Daniel, M. (2013). Factors influencing health care utilisation among Aboriginal cardiac patients in central Australia: a qualitative study. BMC Health Services Research, 13(1): 1-13. [Free Full Text]

• Ashley, Nancy (Hum Services Roundtable, 811 First Ave, Suite 200, Seattle, WA 98104) (1993). King County Regional Domestic Violence Public Education Campaign. Seattle: Human Services Roundtable.

• Ashwell, Helen S (hashwell@bigpond.com.au), Barclay, Lesley (Graduate School for Health Practice, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia (2009). A retrospective analysis of a community-based health program in Papua New Guinea. Health Promotion International, 24(2):140-148. [Free Full Text]

• Ayode, D., McBride, C.M., de Heer, H.D., Watanabe, E., Gebreyesus, T., Tora, A., Tadele, G., Davey, G. (2013). A Qualitative Study Exploring Barriers Related to Use of Footwear in Rural Highland Ethiopia: Implications for Neglected Tropical Disease Control. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 7(4): e2199. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002199. [Free Full Text]

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• Backer, T.E. (Human Interaction Research Institute) (1994). 'Replication' may be the sincerest form of philanthropy. Editorial in The Chronicle of Philanthropy. March 8.

• Bailey, Patricia Hill, Rukholm, E.E., Vanderlee, R., Hyland, J. (1994). A Heart Health Survey at the worksite: The first step to effective programming. AAOHN Journal 42(1): 9-14.

• Bailey, W. C. UAB Asthma Project. Birmingham, AL: University of Alabama at Birmingham (Room 115, New Hillman Building, Birmingham, AL 35924), October 1985 - September 1988. [LWG comment: See the published refs by Bailey et al from this most extensive and thoroughly evaluated early application of the PRECEDE model.]

• Bailey, W.C., Kohler, C.L., Richards, J.M. Jr, Windsor, R.A., Brooks, C.M., Gerald, L.B., Martin, B., Higgins, D.M., Liu, T. (1999). Asthma self-management: do patient education programs always have an impact? Arch Intern Med. 159, 2422-8. [Free Full Text]

• Bailey, W.C., Richards, J.M. Jr, Brooks, C.M., Soong, S.J., Windsor, R.A., Manzella, B.A. (1990). [Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham] (August 1990). A randomized trial to improve self-management practices of adults with asthma. Arch Intern Med, 150(8):1664-8.

• Bailey, W.C., Richards, J.M., Manzella, B.A., Windsor, R.A., Brooks, C.M., Soong, S.J. (1987). Promoting Self-Management in Adults with Asthma--An Overview of the UAB Program. Health Education Quarterly 14: 345-55.

• Baillie, Lorraine; Rubinson, Laurna  (1981). Planning School-Based Sexuality Programs Utilizing the PRECEDE Model.  Journal of School Health, 51(4): 282-87

• Bakdash, M.B. (1983). The Use of Mass Media in Community Periodontal Education. Journal of Public Health Dentistry 43(2): 128-31.

• Bakdash, M.B., Lange, A.L., McMillan, D.G. (1983). The Effect of a Televised Periodontal Campaign on Public Periodontal Awareness.  Journal of Periodontology 54: 666-70.

• Bakdash, M.B., Lange, A.L., McMillan, D.G.  (1984).  Periodontal public service announcements:  whom they reach and their effectiveness.  Northwest Dentistry, 63(5): 26-30.

• Bakdash, M.B., McMillan, D.G., Lange, A. L. (1984). Minnesota periodontal awareness television campaign.  Northwest Dentistry, 63(6): 12-7.

• Bakken, S., Lantigua, R.A., Busacca, L.V., Bigger, J.T. (Jul-Aug 2009). Barriers, enablers, and incentives for research participation: a report from the Ambulatory Care Research Network (ACRN). J Am Board Fam Med, 22(4):436-45. [Free Full Text]

• Balch, G.I., Loughrey, K.A., Weinberg, L., Lurie, D., Eisner, E. (1997). Probing Consumer Benefits and Barriers for the National 5 A Day Campaign: Focus Group Findings. Journal of Nutrition Education, 29 (4): 178-183. [See also National Cancer Inst.]

• Banerjee, A.T., Kin, R., Strachan, P.H., Boyle, M.H., Anand, S.S., Oremus, M. (2015). Factors Facilitating the Implementation of Church-Based Heart Health Promotion Programs for Older Adults: A Qualitative Study Guided by the Precede-Proceed Model. American Journal of Health Promotion, 29 (6): 365-373. [Abstract]

• Barner, J. C., Mason, H. L., & Murray, M. D. (1999). Assessment of asthma patients' willingness to pay for and give time to an asthma self-management program. Clinical Therapeutics 21(5): 878-894. 

• Barnhoorn, Florie (Nieuwe Leliestraat 101, 1015 SL Amsterdam, The Netherlands) & Adriaanse, H. (1992). In search of factors responsible for noncompliance among tuberculosis patients in Wardha District, India. Social Science & Medicine 34(3):291-306.  Erratum published  in Soc Sci Med 1992 Jun;34(11):II]. 

• Bartholomew, L. Kay (Office of Educ Resources, MC 4-3250, Texas Children's Hospital, 6621 Fannin, Houston, TX 77030), Seilheimer, D. K., Parcel, G. S., Spinelli, S. H., and Pumariega, A. J. (1989). Planning Patient Education for Cystic Fibrosis: Application of a Diagnostic Framework. Patient Education and Counseling 13(1):57-68. This project received the Award of Program Excellence from the Society for Public Health Education, 1994. See also Parcel et al., 1994.

• Bartholomew, L.K., Koenning, G., Dahlquist, L., Barron, K. (1994). An educational needs assessment of children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care and Research 7(3):136-143. This project received the Award of Program Excellence from the Society for Public Health Education. See also Parcel et al., 1994.

• Bartholomew, L.K. (Center for Health Promotion Research & Development, lkb@utsph.sph.uth.tmc.edu), Parcel, G.S., (guy@utsph.sph.uth.tmc.edu), & Kok, G. Intervention Mapping: The workbook. (in press, Revision 4 - 1998).

• Bartholomew, L. Kay (Center for Health Promotion Research and Development, University of Texas Health Science Center, lkb@utsph.sph.uth.tmc.edu ), Czyzewski, D. I., Parcel, G. S., Swank, P. R., Sockrider, M. M., Mariotto, M. J., Schidlow, D. V., Fink, R. J. & Seilheimer, D. K. (October 1997).  Self-management of cystic fibrosis: Short-term outcomes of the cystic fibrosis family education program. Health Education and Behavior, 24(5): 652-666. 

• Bartholomew, L.K. , Parcel, G.S. & Kok, G. (1998).  Intervention mapping: A process for developing theory- and evidence-based health education programs. Health Education and Behavior, 25(5): 545-563. 

• Bartholomew, L.K., Parcel, G.K., Kok, G., Gottlieb, N.H.  (2001).  Intervention Mapping:  Designing Theory-and Evidence-Based Health Promotion Programs.  Mountain View, CA:  Mayfield Publishing Co. (now McGraw-Hill)

• Barholomew, L.K., Czyzewski, D.I., Swank, P.R., McCormick, L., Parcel, G.S. (January 2000).   Maximizing the impact of the cystic fibrosis family education program:  Factors related to program diffusion.  Family and Community Health, 22(4), 27-47

• Bartlett, E.E. (Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, 615 N.Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205) (1982). Behavioral Diagnosis: A Practical Approach to Patient Education,  Patient Counseling and Health Education, 4(1):29-35.

• Bartlett, E.E., Green, L.W. (1980). Selection of educational methods. Chap. 6 in Green, L.W., Kreuter, M.W., Deeds, S.G., Partridge, K.B. Health Education Planning: A Diagnostic Approach. Palo Alto: Mayfield Pub. Co., pp. 86-115.

• Basch, C.E. (Columbia Teachers College, New York) (1987). Assessing health education needs: A multidimensional-multimethod approach. Chap. 3 in PM Lazes, LH Kaplan, KA Gordon (eds.), Handbook of Health Education 2nd ed. Rockville, MD: Aspen, pp. 49-73.

• Battista, R.N. (Dept. Epidem. & Biostatistics, McGill Univ., Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1A4), J.L. Williams, and L.A. MacFarlane (1990). Determinants of preventive practices in fee-for-service primary care. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 6(1): 6-11.

• Becker, H. (University of Texas at Austin School of Nursing, 1700 Red River, Austin, TX 78701 email: heatherbecker@mail.utexas.edu), SL Hendrickson, L Shaver (1998). Nonurban parental beliefs about childhood injury and bicycle safety. American Journal of Health Behavior 22(3): 218-227. 

• Beeker, Carolyn (Communication and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA), Kraft, J.M., Southwell, B.G., and Jorgensen, C.M. (June 2000). Colorectal Cancer Screening in Older Men and Women: Qualitative Research Findings and Implications for Intervention Journal of Community Health 25(3):263-78.

• Bellingham, Rick (Possibilities Inc., PO Box 433, Basking Ridge, NJ 07920) (1994). Critical Issues in Worksite Health Promotion. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co.

• Bennett, BI (Oct-Dec 1977). A model for teaching health education skills to primary care practitioners. International Journal of Health Education 20(4): 232-9.

• Bennett, E., Cummings, P., Quan, L., & Lewis, F. (1999). Evaluation of a drowning prevention campaign in King County, Washington. Injury Prevention, 5(2): 109-113.

• Benson, RoseAnn (1989). Selected Eating Practices and Weight Control Techniques Among Elite Women Swimmers. Ph.D. dissertation: Southern Illinois Univ. at Carbondale. Described in Fig. 3.2, p. 42 of Sarvala & McDermott, 1993 (see below).

• Benson, RoseAnn (Head Women's Swimming Coach, San Jose State Univ., San Jose, CA), Taub, Diane E (1993). Using the PRECEDE model for causal analysis of bulimic tendencies among elite women swimmers: Predisposing, Reinforcing, and Enabling Causes in Educational Diagnosis. Journal of Health Education 24(6):360-368. [Uses path analysis to test PRECEDE factors against pathogenic weight control techniques and eating behaviors.]

• Berenson, Gerald S (School of Public Health & Tropical Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Health SL29, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112-2699), DW Harsha, SMcD Hunter, CC Johnson, M Levy, SD Little, TA Nicklas, SR Srinivasan, SJ Virgilio, LS Webber. (1998). Introduction of comprehensive health promotion for elementary schools: The Health Ahead/Heart Smart Program. New York: Vantage, esp. chapters 3 & 6.

• Berger, David (National Audubon Society, P.O. Box 5052, Brownsville, TX 78523), M. Inkelas, S. Myhre, A. Mishler (1994). Developing health education materials for inner-city low literacy parents. Public Health Reports 109(2): 168-172. [Free Full Text]

• Berland, Alex (Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre, 855 West 12th Avenue, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9), NB Whyte, L. Maxwell (1995). Hospital nurses and health promotion. Canadian Journal of Nursing Research 27(4): 13-31.

• Berne, Linda A., Dunlap, Patricia (Jan 1991). Addressing Competitive Stress in Junior Tennis Players.  Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance  v62 n1 p59-63

• Bertera, Robert L. (Human Resources, Integrated Health Care, N-11400, DuPont Co., Wilmington, Delaware 19898) (1981). The Effects of Blood Pressure Self-Monitoring in the Workplace Using Automated Blood Pressure Measurement. Baltimore, MD: Unpublished doctoral dissertation, School of Hygiene and Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University.

• Bertera R.L. (1990). The Effects of Workplace Health Promotion on Absenteeism and Employment Costs in a Large Industrial Population. American Journal of Public Health 80(9):1101-5. [Free Full Text]

• Bertera, R.L. (1990). Planning and Implementing Health Promotion in the Workplace: A Case Study of the Du Pont Company Experience. Health Education Quarterly 17(3): 307-27. 

• Bertera, R.L. (Nov 1991). The effects of behavioral risks on absenteeism and health-care costs in the workplace. Journal of Occupational Medicine 33(11): 1119-1124

• Bertera, R.L. (1993). Behavioral risk factor and illness day changes with workplace health promotion: two-year results. Amer J Health Promotion 7(5):365-373.

• Bertera, R.L., Cuthie, J.C. (1984). Blood pressure self-monitoring in the workplace. Journal of Occupational Medicine 26: 183-8.

• Bertera, R.L., Levine, D.M., and Green, L.W. (1982). Behavioral effects of blood pressure self-monitoring in the workplace using automated measurements. Prev. Med 11(3), 158-163

• Bertera, R.L., Oehl, L.K., Telepchak, J.M. (1990). Self-help versus group approaches to smoking cessation in the workplace: eighteen-month follow-up and cost analysis. American Journal of Health Promotion 4(3): 187-92.

• Bertram, D.A., and Brooks-Bertram, P.A. (1977). The Evaluation of Continuing Medical Education: A Literature Review. Health Education Monographs 5(4): 330-62.

• Best, A., Stokols, D., Green, L. W., Leischow, S., Holmes, B., & Buchholz, K. (2003). An integrative framework for community partnering to translate theory into effective health promotion strategy. American Journal of Health Promotion, 18(2), 168-176.

• Better Health Commission (1986). Looking Forward to Better Health. Canberra: Australian Government Printing Service, vols. 1-3.

• Bian, Hui and Smith, C.L. (June 2006).  Development of a questionnaire to assess dentists’ knowledge, opinion, education resources, physician cooperation, and clinical practice regarding obstructive sleep apnea (OSAQ-D) Sleep and Breathing, 10(2), 76-82

• Bibeau, D.L., Mullen, K.D., McLeroy, K.R., Green, L.W., and Foshee, V. (1988). Evaluations of workplace smoking cessation programs: a critique. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 4(2), 87-95. 

• Bird, J. A., Otero-Sabogal, R., Ha, N.-T., & McPhee, S. J. (1996). Tailoring lay health worker interventions for diverse cultures: lessons learned from Vietnamese and Latina communities. Health Education and Behavior, 23 (Suppl.), S105-S122.

• Black, M.E.A.  (blackm@mcmaster.ca), Stein, K.F., Loveland-Cherry, C.J. (2001).  Older women and mammography screening behavior:  Do possible selves contribute?  Health Education and Behavior, 28(2),200-216

• Blank, M.E. (April 2006). The precede/proceed model: an advanced organizer for the reconceptualisation of the teaching-learning process in health education and health promotion. SalusOnline 10(1):18–25. [Departamento de Salud Pública.Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad de Carabobo. Correpondencia: Calle 196. No. 121. La Campiña II. Naguanagua. Edo. Carabobo. Venezuela. E-mail: mblank@cantv.net. [Spanish: Abstract; Full Text - El modelo precede/proceed: un organizador avanzado para la reconceptualización del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en educación y promoción de la salud.]

• Blom, Jan (1999).  Precede-Proceed Model ook voor voedingsinterventie:  [Interview of] Prof. Dr. Lawrence W. Green, auteur van 'Health Promotion Planning'.  VoedingsMagazine 1/1999, pp. 16-18 [in Dutch].

• Boddy, L.M., Knowles, Z.R., Davies, I.G., Warburton, G.L., Mackintosh, K.A., Houghton, L., & Fairclough, S.J. (2012). Using formative research to develop the healthy eating component of the CHANGE! school-based curriculum intervention. BMC Public Health, 12, 710. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-710. [Free Full Text]

• Bogan, G.O., Knobloch, R.S., Liburd, L.C., O'Rourke, T.W. (1992). Organizing an urban African-American community for health promotion: lessons from Chicago. Journal of Health Education 23(3):157-159.

• Boisvert, Deanne M. (Seattle & King County Public Health, 400 Yesler Way, Suite 500, Seattle, WA 98104-2628; deanne.boisvert@metrokc.gov). (1999). Making a difference: A guide to health education for community health workers. Sitka, Alaska: Southeast Alaska Regional Health Corporation, 222 Tongass Dr., Sitka, AK 99835. pp. 1-37.

• Bolan, Robert K. (San Francisco AIDS Foundation, 54 Tenth St., SF, CA 94103) (1986). Health education planning for AIDS risk reduction in the gay/bisexual male community: use of the PRECEDE framework. Amer. Pub. Health Assoc. 114th Ann. Mtg. Abstracts, Las Vegas, p. 162. Manuscript 22pp. (See also Bolan, 1985).

• Bolan, R.K. (San Francisco AIDS Foundation, 54 Tenth St., San Francisco, CA 94103) (1985). "PRECEDE" and Networking Process Reduce AIDS Risks in San Francisco Program. Center (Natl.Center for Health Educ.) 3:5.

• Bonaguro, J.A. (Ohio Univ.) (Sept 1981). PRECEDE for wellness. Journal of School Health 51:501-506.

• Bonaguro, J.A., Miaoulis, G. (Jan/Feb1983). Marketing: a tool for health education planning. Health Education 14 (1): 6-11

• Boothroyd, P., Green, L.W., Hertzman, C., Lynam, J., McIntosh, J., Rees, W., Singer, S.M., Wackernagel, M., and Woollard, R. (Univ. of British Columbia Task Force on Healthy and Sustainable Communities) (1994). Tools for sustainability: Iteration and implementation. Chap. 10 in Cordia Chu and Rod Simpson (Eds.). Ecological Public Health: From Vision to Practice. Toronto: Centre for Health Promotion, University of Toronto, pp. 111-121. See esp. pp. 119-120 for the model adapted to sustainability, ecological footprint and Appropriated Carrying Capacity.

• Borgers, Resi (Dept. Health Education, University of Limburg, POB 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, Netherlands), Mullen, P.D., Meertens, R., Rijken, M., et al (Nov 1993). The information-seeking behavior of cancer outpatients: a description of the situation. Patient Education and Counseling 22(1):35-46.

• Boulet, L-P., (Centre de Pneumologie, Hopital Laval, Universite Laval, Sainte-Foy, Quebec), Chapman, K.R.,  Green, L.W., & Fitzgerald, J.M. (1994). Asthma education. Chest 106(4, Suppl.): 184S-196S. [Free Full Text]

• Bouwman, L.I., te Molder, H., Koelen, M.M., and van Woerkum, C.M. I eat healthfully but I am not a freak. Consumers' everyday life perspective on healthful eating. (2009). Appetite 53(3): 390-398. [Free Full Text]

• Bowen, Deborah J (PhD, Cancer Prevention Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, dbowen@fhcrc.org ), Kinne, S. & Urban, N. (1997). Analyzing communities for readiness to change. Am J Health Behav, 21(4): 289-298.

• Bowler, M.H., , Morisky , D.E. (1983). Small group strategy for improving compliance behavior and blood pressure control. Health Education Quarterly 10(1): 56-69.

•  Bowler, M.H., Morisky, D.E., and Deeds, S.G. (Johns Hopkins Univ.) (1980). Needs assessment strategies in working with compliance issues and blood pressure control. Patient Counseling and Health Education 1st Quarter 2(1):22-27.

• Boyd, C. (Newfoundland Council on smoking and Health, St. Johns, NF) (1993). Up in Smoke: Teens n' Tobacco. Tobacco-Free Canada: First National Conference on Tobacco or Health, Toronto, Oct. Ottawa: Health Promotion Directorate, Health Canada.

• Braddy, B.A. (Center for Policy Studies, Research Triangle Inst., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2194), Orenstein, D., Brownstein, J.N., and Cook, T.J. (1992). PATCH: An example of community empowerment for health. Journal of Health Education 23(3): 179-182. [The PATCH manual was continuously updated online by CDC until 2004, as it was gradually replaced by a new generation of community health planning tools]. For the full PATCH manual, which is now out of print, click here. 

• Brailey, L.J. (1986). Effects of health teaching in the workplace on women's knowledge, beliefs, and practices regarding breast self-examination. Research in Nursing and Health 9(3): 223-31.

• Breckon, D. J. (1982).  An introduction to the theoretical foundations of hospital health education. In D. J. Breckon (Ed.), Hospital Health Education: A Guide to Program Development (pp.175-184). Rockville, MD: Aspen Systems. 

• Breckon, D.J., Harvey, J.R., and Lancaster, R.B. (1994). Community Health Education: Settings, Roles, and Skills for the 21st Century. (3rd ed.). Gaithersberg, MD: Aspen Publishers, Inc., pp. 121-127.

• Breckon, D.J., Harvey, J.R., and Lancaster, R.B. (1998). Community health education: Settings, roles, and skills for the 21st century. (4th ed.). Maryland: Aspen Publishers, esp. pp. 151-161, with a discussion of the evolution of Precede to Precede-Proceed and PATCH.

• Brink, S.G., Lovato, C.Y. & Kolbe, L.J. (Center for Health Promotion Research & Development, Univ. Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX) (1987). Evaluation of an Adolescent Safety Belt Program: Using Quantitative and Qualitative Methods for Program Refinement. Paper presented at Society for Public Health Education, Las Vegas, 1986; final report to National Highway and Traffic Safety Agency, Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C.

• Brink, S. G., Simons-Morton, D., Parcel, G. and Tiernan, K. (May 1988). Community Intervention Handbooks for Comprehensive Health Promotion Programming. Family and Community Health 11(1): 28-35.

• British Columbia Ministry of Health, Community Health Division (1994). School-Based Prevention Model Handbook. Victoria: BC Ministry of Health.

• Brosseau, L.M., Parker, D.L., Lazovich, D., Milton, T., & Dugan, S.  (Jan 2002).  Designing intervention effectiveness studies for occupational health and safety:  The Minnesota wood dust study.  American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 41(1): 54-61.

• Brouse, C.H., Basch, C. E., Wolf, R. L., & Shmukler, C. (Sept 2004). Barriers to colorectal cancer screening: an educational diagnosis. J Cancer Educ, 19(3): 170-3.

• Brown, E. Richard (UCLA Sch. Pub. Hlth.) (1983). Community organization influence on local public health care policy: a general research model and comparative case study. Health Education Quarterly 10(3-4):205-233.

• Brown, L.F. (1994). Research in dental health education and health promotion: A review of the literature. Health Education Quarterly, 21 (1): 83-102. 

• Brown, W. B. (Min Agric & Fisheries, PO Box 327, Rangiora, NZ), Williamson, N.B. (Dept Large Animal Clin Sciences, Coll Vet Med, Univ Minn, St Paul, MN 55108), and Carlaw, R.A. (1988). A diagnostic approach to educating Minnesota dairy farmers in the prevention and control of bovine mastitis. Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 5(3): 197-211.

• Brownson, Ross C. (Washington Univ.), Baker, Elizabeth A., Leet, Terry L., Gillespie, Kathleen N., & True, Wm R. (2010).  Evidence-Based Public Health. (2nd ed.). New York: Oxford Univ. Press. 

• Bruce, Sandra (United States Air Force, 383d Medical Training Squadron/NTOE, 939 Missile Rd, Suite 3, Sheppard Air Force Base, TX, 76311-2262), and Grove, S.K. (1994). The effect of a coronary artery risk evaluation program on serum lipid values and cardiovascular risk levels. Applied Nursing Research 7(2): 67-74.

• Bruerd, Bonnie, Kinney, M.B., Bothwell E. (Kinney, Chemawa Indian Health Center, 3750 Hazelgreen Rd., NE, Salem, OR 97305) (Nov-Dec 1989). Preventing baby bottle tooth decay in American Indian and Alaska native communities: a model for planning. Public Health Reports 104(6):631-640. [Free Full Text]

• Brunk, S.E. and Goeppinger, J. (1990). Process evaluation: assessing re-invention of community-based interventions. Evaluation and the Health Professions 13(2): 186-203.

• Buchanan, David (2000). An Ethic for Health Promotion: Rethinking the Sources of Human Well-Being. New York: Oxford University Press. Pp. 39-42.

• Buller, D., Modiano, M.R., Guernsey de Zapien, J., Meister, J., Saltzman, S. & Hunsaker, F. (1998). Predictors of cervical cancer screening in Mexican American women of reproductive age. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 9 (1): 76-95.

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